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A resource for reliable information about significant people, places, events, and things in Minnesota history.
Portrait of Charles Alfred Pillsbury, c.1880.
Charles Alfred Pillsbury was one of Minnesota's most prominent millers. His Minneapolis company, Charles A. Pillsbury and Co., was among the largest milling firms in the world during the last decades of the nineteenth century.
Charles was born into modest circumstances in Warner, New Hampshire, on December 3, 1842. He was the son of George Alfred Pillsbury, a shopkeeper. Charles attended public school in Warner and Concord, New Hampshire, before completing a year of college prep at New Hampshire's New London Academy. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1863.
After finishing his formal education, Charles moved to Montreal, Quebec, where he became a clerk for Buck, Robinson and Co., a produce commission company. Charles bought a share in the business within three years, but sold it and gave up his position in 1869 to join his uncle, John Sargent Pillsbury, in Minneapolis. With John's encouragement, Charles and George pooled $10,000 of their money and bought one third of a struggling local flour milling business. The purchase was viewed as a bad move at the time, since flour milling was neither stable nor lucrative and the Pillsburys had no milling experience. But under Charles's management, the business grew rapidly and posted a considerable profit within three years. It also received a new name: Charles A. Pillsbury and Co.
As general manager, Charles brought new technology into his mills including the middlings purifier and steel rollers. These advances revolutionized the flour-making process and made flour produced in Minneapolis popular internationally. He also commissioned the first architect-designed mill, the Pillsbury A. It was the largest mill in the world by 1882, shortly after its opening, and it still stands on the Mississippi riverfront.
Charles was progressive in his business practices, as well. He started one of the nation's first profit-sharing plans for company employees in 1883, supported the development of local cooper's cooperatives, and invested in measures that led to greater electrification of Minneapolis and its streetcar system.
As his flour milling business prospered, Charles diversified his financial interests. He invested in grain elevators, banking, railroads, lumbering, the Northwestern Knitting Company (later Munsingwear), and land on the Mesabi Range in Northern Minnesota. He also donated generously to philanthropic causes such as the Minneapolis Maternity Hospital and the Hinckley Fire relief effort of 1894–1895.
Charles served as head of Charles A. Pillsbury and Co. until it was sold to an English business group in 1889. Even then, he remained heavily involved in the company, acting as general manager until his death on September 17, 1899, of heart trouble. Charles was survived by his wife Mary and twin sons, Charles Stinson and John Sargent. Pillsbury Settlement House in Minneapolis was founded in his memory.
Anderson, Marcia. "Munsingwear: Underwear for America." Minnesota History 50, no. 4 (Winter 1986): 152–161.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/50/v50i04p152-161.pdf
"Answers Death's Summons." Minneapolis Journal, September 18, 1899.
"C. A. Pillsbury Dies Suddenly." Minneapolis Times, September 18, 1899.
"Charles Alfred Pillsbury Dead." Minneapolis Tribune, September 18, 1899.
Holman, Mary Lovering. Ancestry of Charles Stinson Pillsbury and John Sargent Pillsbury. 2 vols. Concord, NH: Rumford Press, 1938.
Leikin, Steve. "The Cooperative Coopers of Minneapolis." Minnesota History 57, no. 8 (Winter 2001-02): 386–405.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/57/v57i08p386-405.pdf
Malone, Dumas, ed. "Pillsbury, Charles Alfred." Dictionary of American Biography. vol. 7. 8th ed., New York: Charles Scribner and Sons, 604–605.
Powell, William J. Pillsbury's Best: A Company History from 1869. Minneapolis, MN: The Pillsbury Company, 1985.
Solberg, Winton U. "Martha G. Ripley: Pioneer Doctor and Social Reformer." Minnesota History 39, no. 1 (Spring 1964): 1–17.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/39/v39i01p001-017.pdf
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In 1869, Charles Alfred Pillsbury buys a share in a Minneapolis flour mill. He is involved with the milling business for the rest of his life.
Charles Alfred Pillsbury is born on December 3 in Warner, New Hampshire.
He graduates from Dartmouth College.
Pillsbury joins his uncle in Minneapolis and buys one third of a struggling flour milling business.
He starts one of the nation’s first profit-sharing plans for company employees.
Charles A. Pillsbury and Co. is sold to an English business group.
Pillsbury dies on September 17 of heart trouble.
Made possible by the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund through the vote of Minnesotans on November 4, 2008. Administered by the Minnesota Historical Society.
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