Soudan Mine workers

Soudan Mine workers

Oliver Iron Mining (OIM) workers at the Soudan Mine, 1950–1962.

Underground mine, Tower

Underground mine, Tower

Underground mine at Tower, 1930.

Charlemagne Tower

Charlemagne Tower

Charlemagne Tower, ca. 1915.

Ore trams in Pioneer “A” mine, Ely

Ore trams in Pioneer “A” mine, Ely

A man drives a chain of ore trams in the Pioneer “A” mine in Ely, ca. 1905–1910.

Mine in the Vermilion Range

Mine in the Vermilion Range

A mine in the Vermilion Iron Range operated by the Minnesota Iron Company, 1891. Photograph by Crandal & Fletcher Studio, Duluth.

Mine 8, Tower

Mine 8, Tower

Miners pose for a photograph during their work at Mine 8 in Tower, on the Vermilion Iron Range. Photograph by George A. Newton, ca. 1885.

Vermilion Iron Range

The Vermilion Range, with its distinctive hard and high-grade iron ore deposits, looms large in the history of the mining industry in Minnesota. It was the first range to open (1884) and also the first to cease commercial mining operations (1967) due to changes in the steel-making process and the rise of cheaper-to-produce taconite on the nearby Mesabi Range. After mining ended, the area’s protected wilderness spaces—including the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness—took center stage in a new regional economy based on tourism and conservation.

Woman operating a drill press

Woman operating a drill press

Woman operating a drill press at the Honeywell plant in Minneapolis, 1945. Photograph by the Minneapolis Star-Journal.

Woman working on the wiring of a B-24 "Liberator" bomber

Woman working on the wiring of a B-24 "Liberator" bomber

Woman working on the wiring of a B-24 "Liberator" bomber. Photograph by the Minneapolis Star and Tribune, May 24, 1944. Forms part of the Minneapolis and St. Paul Newspaper Negative Collection, Minnesota Historical Society.

Woman at work in a factory

Woman at work in a factory

Woman with coworkers inside a factory in Minneapolis, 1944.

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