Restaurant trade-show booth for Howard’s Industrial Catering, displaying patented heated food carriers and advertising the Operation Leap Frog feeding program, ca. 1960s. Oscar C. Howard papers, 1945–1990, Cafeteria and Industrial Catering Business, Manuscripts Collection, Minnesota Historical Society.

Trade-show booth for Howard’s Industrial Catering

Restaurant trade-show booth for Howard’s Industrial Catering, displaying patented heated food carriers and advertising the Operation Leap Frog feeding program, ca. 1960s. Oscar C. Howard papers, 1945–1990, Cafeteria and Industrial Catering Business, Manuscripts Collection, Minnesota Historical Society.

Drawing to accompany application for United States Patent 3,129,317, awarded to Oscar Curtis Howard on April 14, 1964, for Heated Dinner Transport Apparatus. Oscar C. Howard papers, 1945–1990, Cafeteria and Industrial Catering Business, Manuscripts Collection, Minnesota Historical Society.

Patent application for Heated Dinner Transport Apparatus

Drawing to accompany application for United States Patent 3,129,317, awarded to Oscar Curtis Howard on April 14, 1964, for Heated Dinner Transport Apparatus. Oscar C. Howard papers, 1945–1990, Cafeteria and Industrial Catering Business, Manuscripts Collection, Minnesota Historical Society.

Map of the Interstate 94 corridor, 1965. From Alan A. Altshuler’s The City Planning Process: A Political Analysis (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1965). Used with the permission of Cornell University Press.

Map of the Interstate 94 corridor

Map of the Interstate 94 corridor, 1965. From Alan A. Altshuler’s The City Planning Process: A Political Analysis (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1965). Used with the permission of Cornell University Press.

A worker points to a section of the collapsed I-35W bridge on August 3, 2017. Photograph by Kevin Rofidal (Edina Police Department).

Worker pointing to collapsed Interstate 35W bridge

A worker points to a section of the collapsed I-35W bridge on August 3, 2017. Photograph by Kevin Rofidal (Edina Police Department).

A truss and gusset plate remnant (U10-U11W truss) recovered after the I-35 W Mississippi River Bridge collapse on August 1, 2007. This remnant is from the U10 and U11 truss nodes which were identified by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) as a likely initiation site for the bridge failure.

I-35W bridge (Bridge 9340) component

A truss and gusset plate remnant (U10-U11W truss) recovered after the I-35 W Mississippi River Bridge collapse on August 1, 2007. This remnant is from the U10 and U11 truss nodes which were identified by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) as a likely initiation site for the bridge failure.

View of the I-35W bridge wreckage in the Mississippi looking through the arches of the  Tenth Avenue bridge in Minneapolis. Photograph by Kevin Rofidal (Edina Police Department), August 4, 2007.

I-35W wreckage

View of the I-35W bridge wreckage in the Mississippi looking through the arches of the Tenth Avenue bridge in Minneapolis. Photograph by Kevin Rofidal (Edina Police Department), August 4, 2007.

Underside of the bridge showing the deck truss construction and gusset plates. Photo by Flickr user ibran. BY-NC-ND 2.0

I-35W bridge structure

Underside of the bridge showing the deck truss construction and gusset plates. Photo by Flickr user ibran. BY-NC-ND 2.0

First responders next to the smoking wreckage of the bridge. Photo taken by Wikimedia Commons user Tony Webster, August 1, 2007. CC-BY-2.0

Minneapolis I-35W bridge collapse (smoke)

First responders next to the smoking wreckage of the bridge. Photo taken by Wikimedia Commons user Tony Webster, August 1, 2007. CC-BY-2.0

I-35W Bridge Collapse

The I-35W (Interstate 35 West) bridge over the Mississippi River in Minneapolis opened to traffic in 1967. Thousands of vehicles drove across it every day, but no one imagined that a mistake in the bridge’s design, made over forty years prior, would have such disastrous consequences on one summer evening in August of 2007.

Gold-painted Cootie figure

Gold-painted Cootie figure

Completed Cootie game figure painted gold from early 1950s vintage 'COOTIE' game, manufactured by Schaper Manufacturing Company, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1950–1954.

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