Faribault, Pelagie (1783–1847)

Pelagie Faribault was a métis (Native and European) woman who received Wita Tanka (Big Island, also called Pike Island) from her Dakota kin as part of an 1820 treaty with the United States. The Faribault family had influence among their Dakota relatives, and Pelagie in particular was known for her acts of generosity.

Farm Bureau in Minnesota

When the farmers of Traverse County founded Minnesota's first Farm Bureau, it signaled a new movement in Minnesota agriculture. In the century since its creation, the Farm Bureau has worked on the local, state, and national levels to support farmers and act as the "voice of agriculture" in America.

Farm Crisis, 1979–1987

Minnesota’s farmers enjoyed an economic boom in the 1970s. Land values soared, United States exports of agricultural products grew, and farmers gained access to easy credit to expand their operations. When the 1980s brought a sharp decline in exports and land values, rising production costs, and higher interest rates on loans, many farmers found themselves in serious financial trouble. The farm crisis of the 1980s caused many farm foreclosures and bankruptcies—the worst economic conditions the agricultural sector had seen since the Great Depression.

Farmers' Alliance in Minnesota

The Farmers' Alliance in Minnesota thrived from 1886 to 1892. During this time, the organization achieved the most progress toward its political goals in the state. These included greater regulation of the railroad industry as it impacted the wheat market, elimination of irregularities in the grading of wheat, and minimization or elimination of the middleman in the wheat trade.

Farmers' Holiday Association in Minnesota

The Farmers' Holiday Association was formed in 1932. The Midwestern organization successfully fought against farm foreclosures with novel strategies like penny auctions, but unsuccessfully lobbied Congress for a federal system that would pay farmers for their crops based on the cost of production.

Farmers' Institutes, 1880s–1920s

In the 1880s, Minnesota farmers saw the need for education but resisted "book farming," or learning how to farm by reading instructional text. Farmers' institutes, lecture series that traveled to rural communities and taught practical farming skills, were popular alternatives in the 1880s through the 1920s.

Father Louis Hennepin Suspension Bridge

The Father Louis Hennepin Bridge was built in 1855 to take advantage of the transport possibilities provided by the Mississippi River above St. Anthony Falls. It was the first bridge built to span the Mississippi river, and made crossing its length above the Falls much easier. The rushing rapids helped to create industry on the river and spurred a population boom that made Minneapolis the most populated city in Minnesota.

Fawcett, Wilford Hamilton "Captain Billy" (1885–1940)

One of the most colorful characters on the scene in early twentieth century Minnesota was Wilford Hamilton "Captain Billy" Fawcett. He was editor and publisher of a bawdy men's humor magazine called Captain Billy's Whiz Bang. He was also a veteran of two wars, an Olympic athlete, a world traveler, a big-game hunter, and a resort owner.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 1, 1840

Thomas B. Walker is born in Xenia, Ohio. After making his fortune in lumber, he developed the Walker Art Gallery, which opened in 1894 and later became the Walker Art Center. He also played an instrumental role in the creation of the Minneapolis Public Library. He died in 1928.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 1, 1886

St. Paul's first Winter Carnival opens, hosting competitions in curling, skating, and ice polo and boasting the first ice palace in the United States. Built in Central Park, the palace is 140 feet long, 120 feet wide, and 100 feet high.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 1, 1887

The Northwestern Publishing Company is incorporated in St. Paul as a general job order printing office, with the subsidiary enterprise of publishing the Western Appeal (which became the Appeal in 1889), a weekly African American newspaper that had first appeared in 1885. Editor John Quincy Adams later called it a "National Afro-American Newspaper" and intended it to be a bold and active publication that would represent people marginalized by their race.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 1, 1933

Wendell R. Anderson is born in St. Paul. A member of the silver-medal-winning 1956 US Olympic ice hockey team, a lawyer, and a former legislator (in both House and Senate), he served as governor from 1971 to 1976. After helping to establish a firmer control on state finances through the "Minnesota Miracle" fiscal reforms of 1971, Anderson ended his career as an elected official by appointing himself to fill the US Senate seat of Walter Mondale following Mondale's election as vice president of the United States in November 1976.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 10, 1763

In the treaty ending the French and Indian War (a part of the Seven Years' War in Europe), France transfers to Britain the territory that later became Minnesota.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 10, 1806

Lieutenant Zebulon M. Pike, exploring the Upper Mississippi territory included in the recent Louisiana Purchase, arrives at the North West Company post on Gaa-zagaskwaajimekaag (Leech Lake). Incensed that the British Union Jack still flies there, he orders it shot down and replaced with the Stars and Stripes. Pike was something of an ingrate, however, as he enjoyed the hospitality of the post both before and after the incident. British fur traders remained in the region until the end of the War of 1812.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 10, 1971

About 250 demonstrators in Minneapolis protest the Vietnam War with a march from the University of Minnesota campus to the Federal Building on Washington Avenue, where they throw a few snowballs and then disperse to distribute leaflets and "get into raps with people about the war."

This Day in Minnesota History

February 11, 1811

Henry Jackson is born in the state of Virginia. He would move to St. Paul in 1842 and rent a place from Pierre "Pig's Eye" Parrant. A trader and merchant, he would serve as the city's first postmaster and its first justice of the peace.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 11, 1888

The Town and Country Club is founded in St. Paul. First located on the shores of Lake Como, in 1891 the club would move to its present location near the Marshall Avenue Bridge. A golf course, originally tomato cans sunk in a pasture, is set up in 1893, and it is now the second oldest course in the country.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 11, 1891

The Duluth, Missabe and Northern Railroad is established by the Merritt brothers to carry iron ore from the Mesabi Range to Lake Superior ports. Leonidas Merritt had discovered iron near Mountain Iron the previous November.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 12, 1895

Minnesota is the first state to declare Abraham Lincoln's birthday a legal holiday.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 12, 1939

More than 3,000 people (two-thirds of them children) escape death or serious injury when they rush out of the Amphitheatre in Duluth seconds before the steel-and-wood roof of the expansive sports arena collapses under the weight of snow during an intermission in the annual Duluth police department and Virginia (Minn.) fire department hockey game.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 12, 1988

Famed restaurateur Gim Joe Huie dies in Duluth. Born in Guangdong province, China, in 1892, Huie first came to the city in 1909 and made it his American home while returning to the land of his birth for extended stays until the Communist government established control there in the late 1940s. In 1951 he opened Joe Huie's Cafe, on Lake Avenue in Duluth, which for twenty-two years offered authentic Asian food in a companionable atmosphere.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 12, 2000

Cartoonist Charles M. Schulz dies in California. That summer, in St. Paul, his childhood home, 101 individually decorated, five-foot-tall statues of Snoopy are displayed in a celebration of Schulz's life. Later in the year, two auctions of Snoopy statues (including some from the celebration and some made specially for auction) are held with the announcement that the money raised will be used as memorial funds to create a bronze sculpture of Schulz characters for downtown St. Paul, as well as to benefit the College of Visual Arts in St.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 13, 1857

Isanti County is created and named for an eastern group of Dakota: the Isaŋyathi (dwellers at the knife camp; literally, "they live on knives"). The Isaŋyathi are the Mdewakanton, Sisseton, Wahpeton, and Wahkpekute bands.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 13, 1906

William Williams is hanged in a bungled execution in the Ramsey County jail for the murders of a teenaged boy, with whom he was sexually involved, and the boy's mother. Williams is the twenty-fifth man and the last person of twenty-six legally executed in the state, as capital punishment was abolished in Minnesota in 1911 following public revulsion and outcry caused by vivid newspaper accounts of his protracted sufferings, due to a too-long rope.

This Day in Minnesota History

February 13, 1909

President Theodore Roosevelt establishes the Superior National Forest. Six weeks later Ontario's government responds in kind by creating Quetico Provincial Forest Reserve. Exploitative practices are restricted in these areas, preserving the beauty of lakes and trees for future generations.

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