Black and white photograph of the West Side Milling District, Minneapolis, ca. 1920. Photograph by Hibbard Studio.

West Side Milling District, Minneapolis

West Side Milling District, Minneapolis, ca. 1920. Photograph by Hibbard Studio.

Minneapolis Flour-Milling Industry During World War I

The Minneapolis flour-milling industry peaked during World War I when twenty-five flour mills employing 2,000 to 2,500 workers played a leading role in the campaign to win the war with food. Minneapolis-produced flour helped to feed America, more than four million of its service personnel, and its allies.

Sketch showing the approximate boundaries of the contested zone between the Ojibwe and the Dakota in the late 1700s.

Map of contested zone

Sketch showing the approximate boundaries of the contested zone between the Ojibwe and the Dakota in the late 1700s. Adapted from Douglas A. Birk, “A Preliminary Archaeological Study of the Little Round Hill Site, Old Wadena Park, Wadena County, Minnesota,” 1991.

Google map of the Cadotte Post site with overlay of Douglas Birk’s 1972 sketch and an approximation of the location of the survey grid.

Map of Cadotte Post site

Google map of the Cadotte Post site with overlay of Douglas Birk’s 1972 sketch and an approximation of the location of the survey grid. From, Hayes, Katherine. Results of Survey and Excavation of the Little Round Hill (2WD16) and Cadotte Post (21WD17) Sites in Wadena County, Minnesota: A View of the Fur Trade in the Late Eighteenth Century. Report prepared for the Wadena County Historical Society, 2014.

Cadotte Trading Post

The Cadotte Post was a fur trade encampment in the late eighteenth century—one of three archaeological sites in Wadena County identified through Ojibwe oral tradition as a late-1700s trading fort. It stood just north of the Crow Wing River on its east bank, south and opposite the mouth of the Leaf River in what later became the Old Wadena County Park.

Black and white photograph of Crookston BPW president Betty Brecto watches as BPWC members Eleanor Johnson and Norma Van Horn, two BPW members, reveal the new Crookston BPWC banner on March 11, 1977.

BPWC banner unveiling

Crookston BPW president Betty Brecto watches as BPWC members Eleanor Johnson and Norma Van Horn, two BPW members, reveal the new Crookston BPWC banner on March 11, 1977.

Black and white photograph of Sister Mary Magadalene, Marie Nelson (playing the piano), and other BPWC members sing a song promoting the Equal Rights Amendment, May 1977.

ERA event

Sister Mary Magadalene, Marie Nelson (playing the piano), and other BPWC members sing a song promoting the Equal Rights Amendment, May 1977.

Black and white photograph of Sandra McGrath, wife of the president of the University of Minnesota, speaks at an AAUW and BPWC-sponsored annual banquet, February 22, 1977.

Sandra McGrath and Dell Hoff

Sandra McGrath, wife of the president of the University of Minnesota, speaks at an AAUW and BPWC-sponsored annual banquet, February 22, 1977.

Black and white photograph of Ruth Ross, Crookston BPWC’s centennial chair (1976, 1977, and 1978), was an active, civic-minded member promoted U.S. history by wearing a costume.

Ruth Ross, BPWC centennial chair

Ruth Ross, Crookston BPWC’s centennial chair (1976, 1977, and 1978), was an active, civic-minded member promoted U.S. history by wearing a costume.

Color image of a BPWC certificate awarded to Emily B. Schnabel, 1977.

BPWC certificate awarded to Emily B. Schnabel

Emily B. Schnabel is awarded a certificate during national BPW week, 1977.

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